Jul
17
Celexa (Citalopram)
July 17, 2011 | Leave a Comment
Buy Celexa without a prescription online at a cheap internet generic pharmacy. Order generic Celexa without RX on line at an affordable cost and no prescription. Purchase Celexa (Citalopram) 10, 20, and 40 mg at discounted price without script.
Celexa is a brand name of a popular and effective anti-depressant Citalopram. Buy Celexa at online pharmacies without prescription. Celexa is manufactured in form of 10, 20, and 40 mg pills. This anti-depressant is effective in relieving anxiety and panics attacks. Citalopram – the active ingredient of Celexa helps improve mood problems by controlling the amount of serotonin produced by your brain. When looking for Celexa for you, you have options to either get it as a brand medication Celexa, or as a generic one – Citalopram. Generic Celexa and a brand one are 100 per cent identical. No need to buy an overpriced Celexa, offered at your local pharmacy. Even a cheap generic Celexa, bought from any of thousands of trustworthy online pharmacies would help you eliminate depression and anxiety symptoms. Cheap generic Celexa may, as well, give positive effects to sufferers with manic, neurotic, and obsessive conditions. Thus we would like to stress it that, if you are looking for a best deal, than ordering a cheap generic Celexa online without prescription, may be exactly what you need. Moreover, getting Celexa online means a fast delivery to you in just a few working days, confidently packed. Do not miss your chance of saving both your money and time by ordering you Citalopram online.
Buy Celexa online without prescription and without quantity limits. Order Celexa in larger amount in the Internet pharmacies and enjoy quantity discounts on your purchase. Buy Celebrex without prescription, yet always ask your doctor’s advice before you start taking it. So make sure you consult your doctor first on your correct Celexa 10, 20 or 40mg dosage, duration of treatment, and possible interactions, contradictions to it and possible side effects. Mind that the misuse of Citalopram may have dangerous consequences. Do not use Celebrex if you are pregnant or breast feeding. In this case, before you start using Celexa, see your doctor. Also if you are younger then 18, do not take Celexa before you see your doctor. Patients with liver or kidney disease, bipolar disorder (manic depression), seizures or epilepsy need to inform their doctor and get help in Celebrex dosage adjustment. After the first 12 weeks of treatment with Celexa you need to get checked on how helpful Citalopram is in your case. Take your Citalopram responsibly: do not neglect the adequate medical care and supervision after you purchase Citalopram without prescription.
Enter Here to Buy Celexa (Citalopram)
Jun
29
Effexor Interactions with other Drugs
June 29, 2011 | Leave a Comment
Effexor Interactions with other Drugs.
Your doctor or pharmacist may already be aware of any possible interactions of Effexor. Do not start, stop or change the dosage of any medicine only after consulting your doctor. In conjunction with such drugs as: MAO inhibitors (eg, furazolidone, isocarboxazid, linezolid, moclobemide, phenelzine, procarbazine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine), weight-loss drugs (eg, phentermine, sibutramine), tryptophan, taken with Effexor only 2 weeks before treatment and at least 7 days after the last dose of effexor. If you are currently using any of these medications, tell your doctor or pharmacist before starting Effexor, because this can lead to very serious (even fatal) interactions Effexor. Some medications that can affect the heart rhythm (QTc prolongation in the EKG) include amiodarone, dofetilid, pimozide, quinidine, sotalol, procainamide, thioridazine, and erythromycin, among others, may also be combined with this medication adverse effects. Effexor can increase the risk of such influence. QTc prolongation can rarely cause serious (rarely fatal) irregular heartbeat. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details informiatsii and instructions on how you can reduce the risk of such influence. Tell your doctor about all medications you are taking, especially: drugs affecting liver enzymes that remove the Effexor out of your body (eg, cimetidine, azole antifungals such as ketoconazole, itraconazole), medicines (eg, antipsychotics such as clozapine / haloperidol, HIV medications such as indinavir, tricyclic antidepressants-TCAs such as desipramine), “water pills” (diuretics such as furosemide), drugs that can cause bleeding / bruising (eg, aspirin, antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel, NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, “blood thinners” such as heparin / warfarin). Aspirin may increase the risk of bleeding when using this drug. If your doctor has you take poropisal low-dose aspirin for heart attack or stroke and for prevention (usually at dosages of 81-325 milligrams per day), you should continue taking it unless your doctor instructs you to. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. Also tell your doctor if you are taking any other drugs that increase serotonin, such as lithium, meperidine, propoxyphene, buspirone, dextromethorphan, SSRIs, other SNRIs, St. John’s wort, drugs used to treat migraines such as ” triptans “and dihydroergotamine, drugs such as MDMA /” ecstasy, “amphetamine. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you also take drugs that cause drowsiness such as: certain antihistamines (eg, diphenhydramine), anti-drugs (eg, carbamazepine), medicine for sleep or anxiety (eg, diazepam, alprazolam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, narcotic pain relievers from (eg, codeine), psychiatric medicines (eg, chlorpromazine, risperidone, amitriptyline, trazodone). Look at the instructions of all your medicines to see whether they contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products in safe mode. Cimetidine is a drug, nonprescription drug, which is commonly used to treat indigestion. This may cause undesirable interactions when taking Effexor, ask your pharmacist about other products to treat stomach acid. Buy Effexor on line without rx but do consult your doctor prior to making an internet pharmacy order.
Note:
Effexor is not used with other analogs of this drug. Psychiatric / medical checkups and lab tests (eg, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, control of growth in children) should be performed periodically to monitor your progress or check for side effects. Ask your doctor for more information.
Jun
29
How to Take Effexor. Important Drug Information before Order Effexor Online
June 29, 2011 | Leave a Comment
How to take Effexor? Important information before you order Effexor.
Effexor is a class of antidepressants (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor type SNRI). It is used to treat depression and anxiety. It works to restore the balance of natural substances (such as the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine) in the brain. Effexor can reduce anxiety and improve your mood and sense of well being and energy level.
Important: Before taking this medication you should consult your doctor.
How to take Effexor:
Ask your doctor to answer any questions you may have. Effexor should be taken with food (2-3 times a day) or as directed by your doctor. Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to therapy. Typically, the maximum dose for adults is 375 milligrams per day. To reduce the risk of side effects, your doctor may advise you to start taking this medicine with a low dose and gradually increase the dose. Keep an eye out for prescriptions from a doctor. Do not change the dose, as this can lead to serious side effects. Take Effexor regularly, and at the same time, not to forget. It is important to continue taking this medication, even if you feel well. Sudden cardiac medication can cause side effects. Be careful, as long use can cause dependence. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information and to report any reactions immediately. Several weeks may pass before you will feel the effects of the drug. Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens the problems. You can buy Effexor online without a prescription at a discount price online.
May
26
Antidepressants. Depression Treatment Drugs.
May 26, 2011 | Leave a Comment
The name itself speaks of such drugs - they are designed to treat depression. Such medications are always recommended as a first step in therapy for depression, from heavy to moderate, in combination with conversational therapy. An example is the cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Antidepressants are widely used in treating various mental disorders such as:
- Strong phobias such as agoraphobia and social,
- Panic disorder,
- Anxiety disorder
- Post Traumatic Stress Disorder,
- Anxiety disorder
- Bulimia.
In some cases, certain antidepressants such as tricyclics, were not developed initially as painkillers, but there is evidence of their effectiveness in treating chronic pain of a nervous nature. Chronic nerve pain that is often referred to as neuropathic, arise in the body as a result of damage to the normal state of the nerve and quite often, such pain can not be removed with the help of painkillers such as “Paracetamol”.
Very often, an antidepressant used to treat different cases of non neuropathic nature. And many experts in the medical field, consider them to be less effective for such purposes. Pain, are not associated with neurological disorders, with the help of antidepressants may be localized, especially for chronic pain in the neck and back, as well as fibromyalgia.
Depression. Unipolar depression, or as it is called clinical depression, can occur in almost any age, but most often it affects people in a range from 25 to 44 years, although sometimes observed in children aged 5-6 years. The total number of patients exposed to depression for about 20% of women and 10% of men. In the depressed person loses the capacity for work, lose interest in school, he may have much worse health. And the worst thing is that depression leads to commit suicide.
The difference between short periods of illness, clinical depression leads to constant changes in mood, which has a negative impact on self-esteem of man, his relationships with people, as well as the climate in the family. Depressive episodes occasionally occur and occur over many days and months, and in some cases even a few years. In a state of clinical depression will determine the following mental and physical factors:
- A sense of complete irrelevance, helplessness, hopelessness and despondency.
- Inability to concentrate and make decisions.
- Violation of the functions of sleep.
- Depressed mood (sadness, unexplained sadness).
- Loss of sexual interest.
- Loss of interest in everything that enjoyed previously. Loss of enjoyment of life.
- Loss of appetite, weight loss, or conversely, its set.
- Fatigue.
When conducting clinical diagnosis of depression, such symptoms are repeated consistently, at least for two weeks. But here we must remember that these symptoms may be the consequence of such widespread diseases as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, etc. This suggests that depression may be a secondary symptom of another disease. The final diagnosis will be able to supply only a doctor after a long observation and careful examination.
So what is the cause of depression? Specific cause can not be called to this day. But conducted scientific studies have shown that depression is mated to an imbalance of certain chemicals, which are called neurotransmitters - namely, norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine. Such neurotransmitters are widespread in many parts of the human brain and are designed to perform their specific neural functions.
The clinical study showed that patients with clinical depression do not have enough norepinephrine or serotonin in the limbic system of the brain. Also there is a large imbalance between these two neurotransmitters in the brain. Existing antidepressants are designed to increase the content of these neurotransmitters. In addition, some of them affect the level of dopamine in the brain regions. After receiving such drugs emotions and mood in patients should stabilize, and the person returns to a normal life. Like all medicines, antidepressants have side effects such as changes in blood pressure as well as they can interfere with some physiological functions of a person, such as sleep or appetite.
We must remember that:
- Everyone can easily find an antidepressant that will come to him personally.
- Six out of ten people will feel much better after the first use of selected antidepressant. Others to find the appropriate medication, will have to try different antidepressants.
- Existing antidepressants have both advantages and disadvantages, and as long as you do not start taking some of them, you can not know whether it helps you in combating depression.
Antidepressants are classified according to types of neurotransmitters, for which they work, as well as on the basis of these effects.
There are some types of antidepressants:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
These antidepressants have been widely used since the mid 1980’s, and most often prescribed for depression. This group of antidepressants makes it possible to block the return of serotonin back into the cell, which sends a nerve impulse. Such exposure increases the concentration of serotonin in the synaptic gap between nerve cells, thus greatly enhances the stimulation of postsynaptic cells, which takes the pulse.
The group of SSRIs includes the following products:
- Sertraline (Zoloft)
- Escitalopram (Lexapro)
- Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
- Citalopram (Celexa)
- Paroxetine (Paxil)
- Fluoxetine (Prozac)
In its effect, all these SSRIs are equally effective and tolerated almost equally. But, nevertheless, the response of individual patients to different chemical compounds individual. In this regard, some patients may experience some side effects after taking specific SSRIs. Among the side effects of antidepressants in this group are - insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, nausea and vomiting.
- Tricyclic antidepressants
Tricyclic antidepressants began to be applied in the late 1950’s - early 1960’s. As with SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants block the reuptake of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine in the presynaptic nerve cells, and thus increases its free concentration.
The group of tricyclic antidepressants include:
- Amitriptyline (Elavil)
- Imipramine (Tofranil)
- Maprotiline (Lyudiomil)
- Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
- Desipramine (Norpramin)
- Clomipramine (Anafranil)
First and foremost, tricyclic antidepressants affect blood pressure and heart rate, as norepinephrine is involved in the activities of the autonomic nervous system that controls such functions. At the use of drugs in this group there are the following side effects - tachycardia, postural hypotension, dry mouth and urinary retention. Drugs in this group are used rarely because of their toxicity and danger of overdose. But for some patients who can not tolerate SSRIs or other antidipressants, tricyclic antidepressants are the way out. In order to avoid various side-effects during the treatment course required careful medical supervision.
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and norepinephrine
Production of drugs in this group began in mid-1990’s. The action of these drugs are based on blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. This group of drugs include:
- Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
- Venlafaxin (Effexor)
- Buprpion (Wellbutrin “,” Zyban “), which also blocks the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine
Side effekts the same as that of the SSRI, but expressed somewhat weaker, and the same drugs as duloxetine and buprion in terms of weight gain and sexual dysfunction in general have minimal impact.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
An enzyme called monoamine oxidase, leads to a reduction of norepinephrine and serotonin in the synaptic gap between neurons and presynaptic nerve cell.
This group includes the following products:
- Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
- Selegiline (Eldepril)
- Moclobemide (Manerix)
- Phenelzine (Nardil)
- Tranylcypromine (Parnat)
By adjusting the content of norepinephrine, these drugs cause several side effects that affect the cardiovascular system. Patients who take these antidepressants should limit consumption of products, which include tyramine. This is because the tyramine interaction with MAOIs, causing hypertension. Tyramine is a part of products such as sauerkraut, sausage, beef and chicken livers, soy sauce, dried meat and fish, cheese, yogurt, sour cream, figs and raisins. It is also necessary to refrain from drinking any alcoholic beverages.
- Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (HACC)
Antidepressants, which are produced at the present time, very well tolerated by patients, to help cope with anxiety and depression, and most importantly, they have significantly fewer side effects than previous generations of antidepressants.
Some of these drugs began to publish in mid-1980’s, and some have begun to produce more recently. Preparations of HACC reduce the rate of absorption of noradrenaline presynaptic nerve cell, and in turn increases its concentration in the free form. In addition, they provide the ability to block certain serotonin receptors, which significantly improves the “useful” serotonin neurotransmission.
The group of HACC include:
- Nefazodone (Serzon)
- Trazodone (Dezirel)
- Mianserin (Lerivon)
- Mirtazilin (Remeron)
Side effects of these drugs include dry mouth, drowsiness, increased appetite and weight gain. But these effects are mild result.
It should be good to remember that all currently existing antidepressants are equally good for treating depression. Starting a course of treatment must take into account the following factors - age, heredity, individual tolerance of drugs, the response to no more use drugs. Before applying the new antidepressants it is mandatory to consult a physician.
Publications by topic:
· Antidepressants
· Treatment with antidepressants
· Description antidepressants
Antidepressants belong to a large group of drugs, the main feature of which is the removal of the doldrums. Antidepressants include monoamine oxidase inhibitors: hydrazine (iprazid, Nialamide) and negidrazinovye derivatives (indopan, etc.), 4 - and 3-ring compounds (Mianserin, imipramine, amitriptyline, azafen, pirazidol), secondary amines (desipramine).
Isolated as a group of antidepressants II generation (nomifenzil, trazadon, etc.) and preparations of lithium.
Possible side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, “a veil before the eyes, constipation, difficulty urinating, fainting, sweating, tremors, rashes, palpitations, headache.
Caution: When combined with certain medications and foods MAO inhibitors have the opposite effect, which can lead to a significant rise in blood pressure.
When antidepressant therapy in both groups and alcohol intake should be limited. Ask your doctor whether it is possible for antidepressants drive or other mechanisms.
More
Haibolee studied and security are the tricyclic compounds. The mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants is associated with the blockade of the reuptake of norepinephrine presynaptic nerve endings, resulting in the content of norepinephrine in the synaptic clefts increases.
In places the accumulation of noradrenaline (different brain structures, as well as heart and lungs, spleen and other organs) increases the activity of adrenergic nerve impulse transmission, excitation occurs the central and peripheral a-and b-adrenergic receptors.
A similar effect of 3-cyclic antidepressants be observed in the dopamine and serotonin. Drugs in this group blocking the central and peripheral M-cholinergic receptors, providing atropinopodobnoe action.
MAO inhibitors block monoamine oxidase Nialamide causing oxidative deamination and inactivation of monoamines (noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin), with the accumulation of these amines in brain structures.
Some antidepressants combine the action of MAO inhibitors and 4 - and 3-cyclic compounds. Common property of all antidepressants is timolepticheskoe action: effects on affective with improved mood and overall mental state.
Do without the selection of drugs that reduce the severity of depression, almost never fails.
Lack of interest in what happens in the outside world, apathy, indifference, low mood, difficulty concentrating, amounting to a complete inability to concentrate, sometimes unwillingness to live with enormous difficulty overcome a teenager. Intolerance of depression is a major cause of relapse, even for those folks who genuinely want to give up drugs. A matter of choice of antidepressants - the question is absolutely doctor.
In most patients, even after treatment by the methods described above paid, retained or that symptoms of depression.
Below the names of three drugs, which seem to us best to treat depression caused by the abolition of drugs: Auroriks, Coaxil, Zoloft.
These drugs are designed on modern principles of the so-called metabolic therapy. They are not the “chemistry” in the domestic sense. Their effect on the metabolism due to the fact that they facilitate the body natural synthesis of some compounds (eg serotonin), lack of which in the nervous system leads to depression.
List the three drugs is located in the descending order of their effectiveness.
Aurorix and coaxil, inter alia, help the patient improve metabolism in the nerve cell. In their systematic reception improves memory, easier to focus, gradually leaving the feeling of constant fatigue.
We must remember that no anti-depressants, even the most modern and do not act immediately. The effect of the above drugs does not develop earlier than 7-10 days of reception. Are not anti-depressants and “substitutes” of drugs. No special feelings for the first person to receive not feel. They are designed to gradually and imperceptibly the normalization of the mental state of the patient.
In principle, due to the fact that these antidepressants are not addictive and have virtually no side effects (except in cases of individual intolerance), you can start using them without consulting your doctor. But it is necessary to take into account two factors:
First, the best anti-depressant may be a doctor.
Secondly, the very state of depression - it is an occasion to persuade the patient to see a doctor. Teen bad … In the depression, he is aware of this. If you can give anti-depressants, he gets better, and a visit to the doctor begins to be postponed indefinitely. When a person feels well, to persuade him to systematically treated much more difficult.
Abolition of heroin addict will take more easily than usual. In his mind is not put off your words and warnings and the fact that with the help of pills, which gave the mother, it is easy to “jump out of the system.” As a result of an attempt to help in self-control drug addict with depression may result in relapse and even greater difficulties with the adoption of a teenager a final decision to quit drugs.
Melipraminum (imipramine, antideprin, imipramine) refers to the strong antidepressants with concomitant stimulant.
Pharmacokinetics.
The drug is well absorbed when taken orally, reaches maximum concentration in the blood 1-2 hours after intramuscular injection, 30-60 minutes. Hakaplivaetsya in the liver, kidneys and brain. Well penetrates the blood-brain barrier. Relationship with protein 76-95%. Actively metabolized in the liver, excreted in the urine. The half-life 9-20h. Testimony. Melipraminum used in depressive states of various etiologies: asthenic-depressive states of endogenous depression in patients with manic-depressive psychosis, reactive depression, depression with psychopathy, neuroses, as well as enuresis.
May
23
SOME DRUGS CAN DEFEAT IMPOTENCE
Today the answer is simple - viagra, cialis, levitra. Nothing has ever been better or more efficient in fighting impotence or erectile dysfunction. You can buy these drugs online without prescription at cheaper prices than offline. These three drugs has shown amazing effect in impotence treatment and their invention some years ago has become an inportant social effect which has literally changed the world.
There are other drugs that can be used to help an impotent man. One of them is called papaverine, and many urologists suggest its use. The drug is injected directly into the side of the penis. This drug causes a dilation of arteries in the penis thereby increasing the flow of blood to the penis and also causes less blood to leave the penis.
Blood is what causes an erection, and with the increased flow, many impotent men are able to achieve a firm erection and subsequent intercourse.
The patient is given the first injection in the office to teach him how to do it. A skinny needle is used and there is no pain involved. The medication will cause a temporary burning sensation but it’s not severe.
Sometimes a patient has psychological problems involved with his impotence. Papaverine is especially good in these cases. By injecting himself, the patient achieves and maintains an erection for up to an hour. This will naturally reduce the fear of failure which results so often in a poor performance anxiety.
Some urologists gradually reduce the dosage and frequency of the shots. For patients with purely psychological impotency problems this can result in a return to normal sexual function without any shots.
Another drug, Prostaglandins, is also being used for penile injections to help in impotency. It is also a vein-dilating medication and works much the same way that Papaverine does.
What about the over the counter aphrodisiacs that can be found in many health food stores? Most aren’t labeled as such, but the advertising or the labels suggesting a vigor for life, and an elixir especially for men, tell what they are selling.
The Food and Drug Administration has simply banned all aphrodisiacs from sale with the explanation that they do not do what they claim. Most still sold don’t help, but don’t do that much harm. Here you have to remember the placebo effect. If a sugar pill will help a man to get a workable erection, use it and don’t ask questions.
One old folk remedy, however, is being talked about by some serious researchers and physicians. This is yohimbine. It comes in a pill form and some doctors say it can help restore function and desire in some men. It is said to dilate blocked blood vessels and helps in the release of norepinephrine. Doctors say this compound is helpful in causing and maintaining erections. We expect to hear more about this yohimbine in the years ahead.
Today, however, the great trio: Viagra, Cialis and Levitra are widely available on the market and are considered to be the best remedies in erectyle disfunction treatment. If you have prostate problems, consult your doctor on cialis, viagra or levitra use for this particular case.
Tags: Anxiety, aphrodisiacs, cialis, dysfunction, erectile, ERECTION, fear of failure, impotence, impotence treatment, impotency, impotency problems, impotent man, impotent men, levitra, performance anxiety, placebo, poor performance, prescription, prostaglandin, prostaglandins, prostate, psychological problems, urologists, viagra, yohimbineMay
9
Paxil (Paroxetine)
May 9, 2011 | Leave a Comment
Buy Generic Paxil Online without a Prescription. Cheap Paxil Paroxetine 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg and 40 mg no rx.
Paxil is a popular depression treatment drug prescribed to millions of people around the world. Buy Paxil online without a prescription and save a lot of time on doctor visits. Generic medication for sale on line from internet pharmacy is generic Paxil (Paroxetine). Generic Paxil is a fully approved high quality drug having the same chemical formula as its brand version. What makes generic Paxil so attractive is its really cheap price. Purchasing Paxil online you can save up to 80% off its off-line drug pharmacy store price buying actually the same medicine. Online pharmacy prices online depend on the dosage of Paroxetine (generic for Paxil) as well as the quantity of pills you order. The more tablets you order, the cheaper the price will be. That is why it is recommended to calculate exactly how many pills you will need and to select between Paxil Paroxetine 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg and 40 mg tablets.
Paroxetine, which is an active ingredient in Paxil, is used for the treatment of depression and other emotional problems like anxiety. Generic Paxil online is sold without a prescription, but a patient should first consult a doctor who recommends Paroxetine treatment course and explains how to take Paxil, its interactions, possible side-effects and other important information. Full information is also provided with your Paxil order. Depression treatment is rather prolonged in time, that is why you need to care about the refill before you run out of drugs because it is not advisable to interrupt your course or miss a dose. Generic Paxil order will be delivered within several working days descretely packed. Generic pharmacy where you can buy Paxil requests no prescription on this or any other products it sells.
The drug is manufactured in pills Paxil 40 mg, 30 mg, 20 mg and 10 mg. Generic Paroxetine is available in the same dosages. You can buy whatever dosage and quantity you need: either generic Paxil 40 mg tablets or 30mg or any other. Buying generic Paxil online is a convenient way to save both time and money: you make an online order, no prescription is needed, no doctor visits, cheap Paxil price, high quality and convenient delivery terms. So if you want to buy Paxil it is a good idea to go generic and to do it in internet like lots of people in US and other countries already do. Paxil online order is quite affordable and requires no prescription. Generic pharmacy is a solution if there are such questions as where can I get no prescription Paxil, where can I buy Paroxetine online, I need to buy cheap Paroxetine 30 mg etc. The orders are usually shipped the same day and you will get your cheap generic Paxil order delivered to you either buy fedex or by trackable mail service within several days.
Jul
16
Depression. Diagnosis, Treatment and FAQ.
July 16, 2009 | Leave a Comment
Drug Therapy
Fifty years ago “talking therapy” was considered essential in the treatment of depression. Psychologists and psychiatrists saw lots of patients who suffered from mild to moderate depression. But during the 1970s biological psychiatry took off. The medical profession embraced the theory that depression was primarily caused by an imbalance of chemicals in the brain. Many health professionals adopted the belief that a depressed person only needed antidepressant medication to normalize brain biochemistry. All you had to do was “feed your head” the right chemicals and the depression would disappear.
During those heady days many patients were given tricyclic antidepressants to soothe their troubled psyches. Medications like amitriptyline (Elavil), desipramine (Norpramin, Pertofrane), doxepin (Adapin, Sinequan), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor) were prescribed in huge numbers. Never mind that such drugs caused drowsiness, fatigue, constipation, dry mouth, dental problems, weight gain, blurred vision, urinary difficulties, dizziness, disturbed concentration, impaired memory, mental confusion, sexual dysfunction, and impotence.
Although these medications did help many people get out of the depths of despair, the side effects were sometimes as depressing as the depression itself. Imagine what it would be like to put on 30 or 40 pounds, feel mentally cloudy and constipated most of the time, and have no sex life. But insurance companies liked these medications. It seemed far more cost-effective to have an internist or a family practice doctor prescribe an antidepressant than to approve a lengthy series of counseling sessions with a psychologist or psychiatrist.
Then along came Prozac (fluoxetine). In 1987 when it was introduced, this antidepressant hardly made a splash. First-year sales were just barely respectable, but more than doubled in the second year. By the third year, Americans spent more on Prozac than on all other antidepressants combined. Everyone seemed to fall in love with Prozac—physicians, pharmacists, patients, and, most of all, the big payers (insurance companies and HMOs).
Prozac—a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, or SSRI—was so successful because it got great PR, and because it seemed to have fewer side effects than traditional tricyclic antidepressants. At least it was less likely to cause sedation, dizziness, constipation, or dry mouth. It also was more effective—or at least that was the impression among physicians and patients. There were never any data to support that belief, but that didn’t stop the media blitz. Prozac even made the cover of Newsweek and Time magazines. Once people decided it was the new wonder drug, other pharmaceutical manufacturers were desperate to get in the game. The race was on.
It wasn’t long before the wannabes started showing up, trying to claim a piece of the Prozac pie. Today the competitors include bupropion (Wellbutrin), citalopram (Celexa), duloxetine (Cymbalta), escitalopram (Lexapro), nefazodone (Serzone), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), and venlafaxine (Effexor). Almost 190 million prescriptions are written for these antidepressants each year, with sales exceeding $12 billion.
Such coeds are being prescribed enthusiastically for a wide range of other health problems, too. The pharmaceutical industry has promoted some of these antidepressants for conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic attacks, hot flashes, premenstrual distress, nervousness, and shyness (”social anxiety disorder”).
Almost from the beginning, though, these drugs have been controversial. In the original clinical trial for Prozac, 15 percent of patients in the study dropped out because they felt worse instead of better—a statistic that was not widely publicized. Anxiety, insomnia, restlessness, nausea, and tremors caused distress for some people. There also was a high incidence of sexual dysfunction with the SSRIs. But the real controversy has always swirled around whether Prozac and similar compounds could trigger thoughts of suicide or homicide in some people.
Antidepressants and Suicide
In 1988, we received a letter from a grieving physician. His daughter had been prescribed Prozac for an eating disorder; a month later she took her er life by hanging herself. This oph- thalmologist was convinced that Prozac had contributed to her tragic death. At the time, we discounted this story—which we now regret—and told him that depressed people sometimes take desperate action and may try to harm themselves when they start treatment. Later, he responded that his daughter had never been depressed, nor had she been acting like a person who planned to take her life.
In 1990 an article appeared in the American Journal of Psychiatry describing a half-dozen patients who developed “intense violent suicidal preoccupation after 2 to 7 weeks of fluoxetine treatment.” This report stirred up quite a lot of concern, but many psychiatrists downplayed the connection. When we asked the drug company and the FDA about this report, we were told that depressed people sometimes commit suicide and that the drug was not to blame.
Over the last 18 years we have heard of many other instances in which people became preoccupied with harming themselves or others after starting on an antidepressant. A man taking Zoloft awoke in the middle of the night with a strong urge to kill himself. A woman reported wild thoughts on Prozac about ramming her car into other cars and getting a gun to kill an irritating co-worker. Another woman told us that she experienced an overwhelming urge to open her car door and jump-out of the vehicle while it was going at 50 miles an hour down the highway.
My son Mike was prescribed Paxil for depression while he was a graduate teaching assistant at New Mexico State University. Around day 13 he slipped into a mood that I had never seen before. He never came out of it. Four days later he shot himself in the temple with a rifle. He had taken Paxil for 17 days.
I hold the FDA and GlaxoSmithKline (maker of Paxil) responsible for my son’s suicide. No one should ever have to look at a son or daughter’s tombstone!
Whenever we discussed our concerns with psychiatrists, drug companies, or FDA officials, we were told that such events were purely coincidental. Our federal watchdog insisted that the medicines could not have been responsible for such tragic outcomes. But when British drug regulators began warning physicians that SSRI-type medications might trigger suicidal thoughts, agitation, and self-injury in young patients, the whole ball of yarn began to come unraveled.
Eventually, an FDA staffer, Andrew Mosholder, MD, MPH, was given the task of analyzing 22 studies. His conclusion: “Short-term pediatric trials of antidepressant drugs demonstrate an increased rate of suicidal events with active drug compared to placebo.” He also said that there is not adequate information to tell if antidepressants other than Prozac are effective for children.
FDA JULY 1, 2005, PUBLIC HEALTH ADVISORY
• Adults being treated with antidepressant medicines, particularly those being treated for depression, should be watched closely for worsening of depression and for increased suicidal thinking or behavior.
• Close observation of adults may be especially important when antidepressant medications are started for the first time or when doses for the specific drugs prescribed have been changed.
• Adults whose symptoms worsen while being treated with antidepressants, including an increase in suicidal thinking or behavior, should be evaluated by their health-care professional.
The idea that drugs designed to fight depression and prevent suicide could potentially make things worse for some kids seemed to shock FDA officials to the core. Initially, Dr. Mosholder was muzzled. Eventually, though, the data convinced even the FDA hardliners. Belatedly, the agency issued warnings about suicidal thinking and antidepressants. These cautions came far too late to prevent many terrible tragedies over nearly 2 decades. As difficult as it has been for psychiatrists and FDA officials to contemplate, people taking SSRI-type antidepressants are sometimes preoccupied with thoughts of suicide or homicide. Harvard psychiatrist Joseph Glenmullen,’ MD, has criticized the makers of SSRI-type antidepressants for delaying adequate warnings.”‘ The maker of Effexor XR added “homicidal ideation” to its label years after the drug was introduced. The company considers this a very rare adverse event and does not believe the drug can be causally linked to actual homicides. But there have been a number of high-profile violent events associated with antidepressants. Causal or not, this controversy continues to simmer. The entire SSRI-suicide story strikes us as mishandled. Just as with the Vioxx (rofecoxib) scandal, it has seemed to us that FDA officials have been more intent on protecting the pharmaceutical companies’ profits than the public health. To add even more confusion to this already sordid affair, the reputation these drugs have enjoyed as being highly effective against depression is now suspect. Remember that placebo-controlled trials are the gold standard that everyone is supposed to adhere to. Drug companies are required to show that their expensive antidepressants are significantly superior to a placebo. But an “analysis of 96 antidepressant trials between 1979 and 1996 showed that in 52 percent of them, the effect of the antidepressant could not be distinguished from that of placebo. In other words, “more than half of all recent clinical trials of commonly used antidepressants failed to show statistical superiority for the drug over placebo.”
That, dear reader, is almost beyond belief. It suggests that either placebos—sugar pills—are amazingly effective in relieving depression or that current antidepressants are not all that impressive.
Another overview of many clinical trials concludes that the latter is the case. It goes even further and suggests that “recent meta-analyses show selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have no clinically meaningful advantage over placebo…. Antidepressants have not been convincingly shown to affect the long-term outcome of depression or suicide rates.” Of course, this kind of analysis relies on the statistical manipulation and combining of many smaller studies. As compelling as the conclusions may be, they do not substitute for really big, well-conducted trials.
The largest and most definitive study of depression and antidepressant medications was a $35 million project, funded by the National Institutes of Health, called the STAR*D (Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression) trial. This was no drug company whitewash. This was your tax money at work. What made this research so valuable was that the investigators looked at actual recovery from depression (”remission”), not just some symptom improvement. Recovery is, after all, what depressed patients really care about. The antidepressants used in the STAR*D trial were bupropion SR (Wellbutrin SR), citalopram (Celexa), sertraline (Zoloft), and venlafaxine XR (Effexor XR). When the long-awaited results were published in the New England Journal of Medicine (March 2006), they were surprisingly disappointing. About one-fourth of the patients achieved real remission, regardless of the type of antidepressant that was taken. What makes this so discouraging is that these patients got optimal treatment. They received intense evaluation and a level of care not usually available to the average patient. If the depressed folks in this study had been treated in a more typical manner, “the remission rate probably would have been significantly lower—perhaps even in the single digits.”That’s abysmal. If there is any good news that came out of the STAR*D research, it is that when a different antidepressant medication was substituted after initial treatment failure, about one in three patients finally did achieve remission. What this means is that antidepressants actually do what they are supposed to do (cure depression) about half the time. Depending upon your perspective, that means the glass is either half full or half empty.
We are happy to learn that 50 percent of the patients in this trial got better. But even under these ideal conditions, half did not, regardless of the type of medicine used. That means that an awful lot of people are suffering drug side effects without benefit. And since there were no placebo controls in STAR*D, we have no idea how many folks might have improved if they had received sugar pills instead of drugs. So how can you determine which antidepressant is best for you? In truth, it is extremely difficult for physicians and patients to make clear decisions about safety and effectiveness when it comes to these medications. Despite all the hype from the drug companies, it is hard to prove that one type of antidepressant is better than another one.
Newer drugs like Cymbalta affect both serotonin and another neurotransmitter called norepinephrine (hence their name serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or SNRIs). This dual action is supposed to make such drugs more effective. It has certainly driven up the cost. A single Cymbalta pill can cost between $3 and $4. A Wall Street Journal review reported that when Cymbalta was compared head-tohead with venlafaxine (Effexor), an older drug in this class, “Cymbalta wasn’t significantly different from Effexor in treating depression.”
The bottom line is that there are no “best choices” when it comes to these kinds of antidepressants. All these drugs are roughly similar in effectiveness, and all have the potential to cause serious adverse reactions for some people. Anyone who experiences anxiety, agitation, irritability, and especially thoughts of violence toward himself or others should contact a health professional immediately!
Watch Out for Withdrawal!
There is one other complication associated with these antidepressants that is rarely discussed. Sudden discontinuation of drugs like Effexor, Paxil, Serzone, and Zoloft may cause unexpected symptoms. We have heard from many patients that they experienced dizziness, nausea, insomnia, headaches, nervousness, sweating, shakiness (like a bad hangover), weakness, visual disturbances, and an inability to concentrate. One reader called the problem “Paxil Head,” like having your head stuck in a blender.
I take Zoloft, and have tried to stop taking it several times. Each time I stop I experience a-very strange thing. Doctors, nurses, and pharmacists dismiss me like I’m a nut case, but I swear this is true. I get electrical shocklike sensations in my head and become extremely dizzy. I absolutely know this is associated with not taking Zoloft. Not 2 hours after I resume taking it again the symptoms, which are overwhelming, disappear completely. I would like to get off of this drug but have no idea how to do so, especially when I cannot function without it and no one recognizes I’m having any trouble. They just think I’m crazy.
What is so sad about this particular problem is that no one really knows how common withdrawal symptoms are. There are, as far as we can tell, few good guidelines for helping people overcome this complication. So we do not know how long people will experience dizziness, shocklike sensations, or nausea after they stop a drug like Zoloft. Drug companies are not particularly interested in developing protocols for discontinuing SSRI/SNRI-type medications, since they would then need to admit they have a problem on their hands. That means that patients and physicians are on their own. Gradual tapering over several weeks may be necessary. We have heard from some doctors that they switch patients over to fluoxetine and then taper it very slowly. That’s because Prozac lingers in the body and may be less likely to trigger withdrawal symptoms.
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Fluoxetine is a stand-in for all SSRI-type drugs. Although there are subtle variations between medications in this class, there are more similarities than differences.
Side effects: Headache, nausea, dizziness, diarrhea, nervousness, anxiety, and insomnia are relatively common and may affect up to one-fourth of the patients who take SSRI-type medications. Some people may experience drowsiness or dizziness. Delayed ejaculation, inability to achieve orgasm, and decreased sexual desire are common complications of this entire class of drugs. Less frequent problems may include decreased appetite, indigestion, sweating, mania, dry mouth, heart palpitations, tremor, chills, constipation, blurred vision, memory problems, confusion, rash, and joint pains. Blood sugar control or thyroid function may be altered. Seizures, while uncommon, have been reported in roughly 0.1 to 0.2 percent of patients, an incidence comparable to that seen with older antidepressants. Any thoughts of suicide or violence must be reported to a physician immediately).
Downside: SSRI-type medications like Prozac can interact with many other drugs. Make sure your physician and pharmacist double-check to verify that any other medicine, herb, or dietary supplement you take is safe with your antidepressant.
Cost: Approximately $130 to $140 for a month’s supply of Prozac. Generic fluoxetine costs $16 to $20 for the same amount.
Despite all the controversy, we still think Prozac is worthy of consideration, especially since it is less likely to precipitate withdrawal symptoms when discontinued. And we are not convinced that other SSRI/SNRIs are more effective. Many people benefit dramatically from this or another SSRI or SNRI. Prozac is now available generically as fluoxetine, so the cost factor is less problematic. We’re not convinced, though, that all generic fluoxetine is created equal.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
This antidepressant is less likely to interfere with sexuality and may even be helpful for people who have experienced diminished libido. It is also available generically, so there is a cost savings. People tend to feel energized rather than sluggish when taking bupropion.
Side effects: Common complaints include insomnia, dry mouth, anxiety or agitation, headache, nausea, and dizziness. Less common adverse reactions that we are aware of include mania, seizures, irregular heart rhythms, skin rash, hallucinations, paranoia, high blood pressure, and migraine.
Downside: Bupropion can interact with many other medications. Make sure your physician and pharmacist double-check to verify that any other medicine, herb, or dietary supplement you take is safe with your antidepressant. Any thoughts of suicide or violence must be reported to a physician immediately!
Cost: Approximately $130 to $150 for a month’s supply of brand-name Wellbutrin SR; generic bupropion SR runs roughly $60 to $70 for a similar amount.
efit more from one antidepressant than another, this is mostly a process of trial and error. It may take 4 to 6 weeks to begin to see improvement, so it is important to give each medication a fair trial. If no success is achieved after a few drugs in the same class are tried, then it may be time to move on to another category.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) may offer certain advantages over other SSRI-type drugs. For one thing, it is far less likely to interfere with sexuality. Some have even reported that it restores libido.
Some people do benefit from old-fashioned tricyclic-type antidepressants such as desipramine, imipramine, and nortriptyline. For people who become agitated or anxious on an SSRI/SNRI or find that bupropion keeps them wide awake, tricyclics may offer an acceptable alternative.
There is also a completely different kind of antidepressant that comes as a skin patch (Emsam). We will discuss it at the end of this chapter.
Jul
14
CAN I STILL HAVE SEX AFTER PROSTATE TROUBLE?
This probably will be the most read chapter in the book, and rightly. The prostate is tightly bound up with a male’s manhood, and how he thinks of himself as a man. That’s why even the mention, let alone the discussion, of the prostate and its troubles, make most men uneasy, nervous and embarrassed. We’ll look at all problems with the prostate and how they may or may not affect a man’s libido, his attitude, his sexual performance and his sexual desires.
PROSTATITIS AND SEX
The first problem many men have with their prostate is prostatitis. Symptoms of this involve lower back pain, pelvic discomfort, a burning in the penis when urinating, urinary frequency and sometimes a slight pain after ejaculation. This form of noninfectious prostatitis may be caused by some infectious agent we know nothing about, or by some noninfectious form of inflammation. On the other hand, it also can be caused by a man’s sexual habits — too much sex or too little. During arousal, a man produces four times the prostatic fluid he usually does. If this fluid is not discharged by ejaculation, it remains in the prostate. If this happens often, the prostate can become seriously congested.
To prevent this problem, a normal, healthy sex life is the best course of action. If this is not possible, a massage of the prostate by a urologist will relieve the congested prostate and eliminate the pain. If that’s not desired, masturbation is a quick solution suggested by many urologists. Too much sex, too quickly, say eight or ten ejaculations in a two day period, can overwork the prostate and again cause problems. On the other hand, abstinence may cause a build up of prostatic fluids and lead to congestion so a massage is needed. Coitus interruptus, simply the removal of the penis before ejaculation, is a method of birth control once practiced by millions. If done often enough, and if it stops the man’s climax, this too, can lead to an oversupply of fluid in the prostate and bring about congestion and its symptoms. If coitus interruptus is used frequently by a couple, the man or woman should continue to excite the penis to a normal ejaculation to prevent buildup problems in the prostate. So for prostatitis, which can strike men of any age, sexual intercourse may be both the cause and the solution.
INFECTIOUS PROSTATITIS
This inflammation of the prostate is caused by some type of infection and can cause fever, chills, nausea and vomiting as well as an urgency to urinate, burning, pain and blood and pus in the urine. It’s more serious than the non-infectious type. There may be serious congestion of the prostate and urologists sometimes use a prostate massage to relieve it. Most urologists feel that sexual activity of any type that leads to ejaculation is the ideal way to empty the prostate and relieve the congestion.
BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
With the enlargement of the prostate there will be some sexual changes, particularly if there is surgery involved. As you may remember, a man will have a normally enlarging prostate for ten to fifteen years, maybe more, before he notices it. The enlargement itself does little to sexual performance with the exception of a seriously pinched urethra that could reduce the amount and force of an ejaculation. When it comes to needed surgery for BPH, the question of sex becomes more important.
First, there should be no sexual intercourse for six weeks after a normal TURP surgery. This is to allow time for the “canal” dug through the enlarged prostate tissue to heal.
On a standard TU RP operation to remove enlarged prostate tissue, about six percent of all men operated on will become impotent. That means they will not be able to have a normal erection. There are bundles of nerves on each side of the prostate, and some of these control the impulses and nerve responses that combine to produce an erection. If these nerve bundles are damaged in any way, impotence can follow. Remember, this six percent figure may not be totally accurate. The figure is based on subjective information supplied by the patient. It wouldn’t be unusual for a man 68 or 70 or older to claim that he could have an erection before the operation, when in reality he had lost that ability due to natural aging or some other problem. It is a factor to consider. The other change in a man who has had a TURP operation is that the bladder neck may have been damaged or removed during the TURP. The bladder neck is like a “valve” that automatically closes when a man is ejaculating. It prevents the fluids from going upward into the bladder. The urethra muscles then force the fluid out the end of the penis. After a TURP operation, the bladder neck may no longer be there or it may be enlarged to such an extent that the fluids of the ejaculation take the path of least resistance, and flow upward a half inch or so and empty into the bladder. When this happens the man has exactly the same physical sensations that he had when the ejaculate emptied out the end of his penis. The feeling, the motion, the thrill is the same, only the path the fluid takes is different. This retrograde ejaculation is almost a one hundred percent probability in a TURP or open surgery for BPH. It’s simply a fact of life. However, with men who usually are in the operative stage, their age is often in the early to late sixties or later, and the lack of a penile ejaculation does not present much of a problem. This is especially true if the situation is carefully explained to the patient and his wife before the operation.
CANCER OF THE PROSTATE
Stage A and B cancer of the prostate will usually involve a radical prostatectomy, the complete removal of the prostate. This almost always harms the nerve bundles on both sides of the prostate and results in a man being impotent. However new techniques have now been developed to preserve these nerves. Some urologists say that in so doing, they may leave some cancer cells behind after the operation. At this point the cancer is the main concern, the life of the patient, and not his sexual function. The surgeon will try his best to get all of the cancerous growth. The nerve bundles are not a high priority. For the man who might be in his fifties, and is cured of a stage A cancer of the prostate, there are drugs and devices that can help him achieve an erection for satisfying intercourse. The cancer patient who is treated with radiation, internal or external, can usually continue his sex life without any problems. His sexual ability would be the same before or after the radiation with the exception of the normal radiation caused fatigue problems. When used in certain areas, radiation can also cause impotence. For the cancer patient with stage D cancer of the prostate, which is usually not operable, the man’s sex life would be in direct relation to where the cancer was situated and how it affected his ability to perform. At this point the patient is much more interested in extending his life, and not worried about his sexual function.
Tags: ampicillin, Anxiety, arimidex, avelox, Benadryl, benign prostatic hyperplasia, birth control, bladder, blood, CANCER, cancer cells, clomiphene, congestion, Depression, Drug, drugs, endometrial, flagyl, function, gemfibrozil, imitrex, impotence, impotent, infectious agent, injection, Insomnia, intercourse, lower back pain, Medicine, nausea and vomiting, needle, nexium, overwork the prostate, pain after ejaculation, paroxetine, pelvic discomfort, penicillin, pill, prednisone, prescription, problem, prostate, prostate trouble, prostatectomy, Prostatic, prostatic fluid, prostatitis, prostatitis symptoms, prozac dosages, quick solution, radiation, sexual desires, sexual habits, sexual performance, somacid, tamoxifen, urinary frequency, urologist, urologists, zyrtecJul
14
PROSTATE CANCER WHAT’S THE DIAGNOSTIC SEQUENCE?
July 14, 2009 | Leave a Comment
PROSTATE CANCER: WHAT’S THE DIAGNOSTIC SEQUENCE?
A patient goes to a urologist for many reasons. More and more family physicians are doing rectal digital examinations and when they find a lump or nodule on the prostate refer the patient to a specialist. The urologist will confirm the digital diagnosis and then begin other tests to confirm or deny the first decision. He might do a biopsy of the prostate to test the tissue in the hard nodule. He almost certainly will do an ultrasound test and look at the findings on a sonogram or on a screen. There are also two blood tests he’ll do for further confirmation of a cancerous growth. As we pointed out before, there is no connection between an enlarged prostate and cancer. Usually the cancer does not press in on the urethra so there are none of the usual BPH symptoms which might get a man to go see his doctor. There could be some symptoms a man might feel such as pain in the upper thighs, the pelvis or lower back, serious weight loss and shortness of breath. Symptoms such as these might mean nothing unusual, or be a sign of some other physical problem or disease — or they could be from cancer.
If the pain is related to prostate cancer, it may be a sign that the disease has spread outside of the prostate, and often it is too late to save the patient. That’s why prostate cancer is often called a silent killer and the reason that preventive medicine must be practiced, the digital rectal exam, once a year.
Now, back to those tests to determine if the lump or nodule is cancer of the prostate. The drawing on the following page shows one way that cancer might grow in the prostate. This is viewed from the two lobes of the prostate that can be digitally examined. A biopsy is the use of a needle inserted through the perineum or the rectum to remove a sample of tissue from the suspected nodule. This can be done by feel by the urologist or with the help of ultrasound to locate the specific area.
A biopsy can be done in the doctor’s office or as an outpatient at a hospital and requires a local anesthesia. A relatively new way to take a biopsy is with what is called a “biopsy gun”. It isn’t a real. It’s a biopsy needle that is used through the rectum and guided by ultrasound, but is “fired” in and out so quickly that the patient feels pressure and hears the sound the device makes, but he feels almost no pain. No anethesia is given.
One urologist says he shows the patient the device and the noise it will. During the actual biopsy the patient jumps when he hears the sound, not because of pain. For most the use of the biopsy gun is quick, simple and painless. A lot easier than going to the hospital for a biopsy the old way. And that means it’s less costly as well for the patient. One patient said it was less painful for him than a shot in the arm.
The tissue core taken in the biopsy is evaluated to see if it is cancerous. Another technique known as fine-needle aspiration cytology is often used these days. Here a urologist inserts an extremely fine needle through the rectum and removes cells from the prostate in three, four or five different locations. The technique results in minimum pain for the patient and no anesthesia is required. If the tissue shows evidence of cancerous growth, the urologist usually will do more testing. This is to find out the placement of the cancer and the extent of it. One of these tests is the PSA test, the prostate specific antigen test. If the prostate is producing a higher level of antigen than usual, it is a good indication that cancer is present.
The other test, the PAP, or the prostate acid phosphatase, may reveal if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. If the PAP is elevated, the urologist will follow up with chest X-rays and X-rays of the pelvic area as well as bone scans and perhaps a CAT scan if equipment is available.
There is another way that many men learn that they have cancer of the prostate. This happens during a routine TURP operation where BPH has resulted in an operation. The scrapings of tissue from the prostate are examined to see if they are benign or cancerous. If the pathologist reports there are some flakes that show cancer, the doctor then does more tests to determine the placement of the tumor, and the chance that he has already removed all of the cancerous tissue.
When cancer is found in this instance, it is usually an early beginning of the disease, and one that was not found, or was not in the right place to be discovered, with the digital exam. Again here more tests would be done and the prostate examined again to determine what procedure might be needed. This would be after the regular BPH surgery, since most evaluations of prostate tissue by a pathologist take two to three days in most areas on a routine basis.
Jul
1
Drugs for Anxiety Treatment
July 1, 2009 | Leave a Comment
Anxiety
Anxiety states may manifest themselves in a variety of ways from a general sense of uneasiness to acute panic attacks. The symptoms may also vary widely, from a minor physical disturbance such as dryness of the mouth and sweating of the hands and ‘butterflies in the stomach’ to breathlessness, hyperventilation and lightheadedness. Emotional stress often precipitates anxiety, and drug treatment is useful when the cause of the stress is ill-defined or cannot be removed. Such treatment should always be regarded as a short-term measure, as the prolonged use of anxiolytics involves the risks of dependence and the problems of eventual withdrawal. For such short-term treatment of severe anxiety, a benzodiazepine such as diazepam is often the drug of choice, but other drugs such as buspirone are also in use. Some of the potent antipsychotic agents are also given in small doses for the relief of anxiety. The beta-blockers are occasionally useful in controlling some of the symptoms of anxiety, when the possibility of stress can be anticipated, as in public speaking or performance.
Approved name Brand name Daily dose range
alprazolam Xanax 750-1500.Lig
bromazepam Lexotan 3-18 mg
ch lord iazepoxide Librium 30-100 mg
clorazepate Tranxene 7.5-22.5 mg
diazepam Atensine, Valium 5-30 mg
lorazepam Ativan 2.5-10 mg